Wood side-streams

Adding the value and using them intelligently

We are confident that there can be no wood waste in the birch plywood production process – each piece of wood is a valuable side stream that we responsibly recycle both locally at the Group’s facilities and at our partners’ factories.  

That’s why, in both plywood production and wood side stream recycling, we focus on long-life products that help move away from fossil resources and maximise CO₂ storage. 

Wood product side stream pyramid
Wood product side stream pyramid

Wood sidestream categories

  • Wet wood chips and sawdust
  • Dry wood chips and sawdust
  • Bark
  • Wood side streams containing glue from plywood processing processes

Latvijas Finieris mills receive more than 900,000 m³ of birch logs annually. The technological process converts approximately 2/5 of this volume into the final product – plywood. The rest is made up of various side streams of the production process, which are natural and CO₂-storing raw materials with a wide range of applications.

Wet and dry wood side streams have historically had much greater potential, which is why we have consistently worked closely with industry partners to develop opportunities for further processing and value addition.

Taking into account the wide and specific directions of the application of wood side streams, special attention is paid to their proper preparation at Latvijas Finieris mills, ensuring that quality requirements are met for each type of side stream or the production of further products.

Birch bark for the production of biologically active substances

After the hydrothermal treatment of birch logs, the logs are debarked, resulting in bark residue. A portion of the birch bark is then sent to the Betulin Lab, where it is further processed and refined for subsequent use and processing. The two main directions of Betulin Lab’s activities are the production of birch bark extract substances, also known as biologically active compounds – triterpenes, based on betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol. Additionally, research is conducted to explore new application potentials, and birch bark is prepared for export to pharmaceutical companies in the European Union.

The triterpene compounds present in birch bark extract are biologically active, natural compounds with antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as cell viability-enhancing qualities. These properties of the compounds are highly valued and applied in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Its potential in other sectors is still under exploration.

Betulin powder on top of dried birch bark
Betulin powder on top of dried birch bark

Wood chips and shavings for particleboards and fibreboards 

Both wet and dry wood chips and shavings, generated during the processing of birch logs and veneers, are widely used in the production of fibreboard and particleboard. Fibreboards (MDF and HDF) find extensive applications in the manufacturing of furniture and doors.

Heating

By-products unsuitable for betulin, fibreboard and chipboard production or for pulp and paper manufacturing are used for obtaining thermal energy necessary to sustain production processes in the mills.  

In the Latvijas Finieris Group’s mills, Troja and Verems, sawdust is used in the production of chipboard briquettes, which are sold in our retail stores. Some of the sawdust is further sold to heating pellet manufacturers or exported. 

Wood chips
Wood chips

Pulp, paper and packaging production

Wood chips, in collaboration with partners, are used in the production of pulp and paper. It is essential that a portion of the paper needed for our production is purchased from the same collaborative partners who use our sawdust in paper manufacturing.

When transporting high-quality birch plywood products, it is crucial to ensure that they are not mechanically damaged during transportation. Therefore, great attention is paid to their packaging, often using veneer or MDF supports to protect the plywood sheets.

WPC and other applications

Sawdust is generated during the sanding process of plywood sheets. In a refined form, they are used in the production of birch fibre and polypropylene composite (WPC) coating, known for its exceptionally high resistance to mechanical damage. This coating is utilised in the manufacturing of Riga Poliform birch plywood, widely used in the construction industry for the production of reusable concrete forms.

Stack of Riga Poliform in matt grey, yellow, red, natural
Stack of Riga Poliform in matt grey, yellow, red, natural